Actualización ESC 2017 sobre el tratamiento antiagregante plaquetario doble en la enfermedad coronaria, desarrollada en colaboración con la EACTS / No disponible

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Relación entre las situaciones clínicas que llevan al tratamiento exclusivamente farmacológico del SCASEST y su pronóstico / Association between clinical pathways leading to medical management and prognosis in patients with NSTEACS

Introducción y objetivos: Una proporción importante de pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST (SCASEST) se tratan exclusivamente con fármacos (TEF) sin revascularización coronaria inicial. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar las situaciones clínicas que conducen al TEF y su influencia en el pronóstico del SCASEST. Métodos: Se registraron las características basales, las situaciones clínicas que llevaron a TEF y los resultados a 2 años de una cohorte prospectiva de 5.591 pacientes con SCASEST reclutados en 555 hospitales de 20 países de Europa y América Latina. El impacto del TEF en la mortalidad tras el alta se evaluó mediante modelos de surpervivencia de Cox. Resultados: Se utilizó un TEF en 2.306 pacientes (41,2%), de los que 669 (29%) tenían enfermedad coronaria (EC) significativa y 451 (19,6%), EC no significativa y a 1.186 (51,4%) ni siquiera se les practicó una coronariografía. Los pacientes con TEF eran mayores y de más riesgo. La mortalidad a 2 años fue mayor con TEF que con revascularización coronaria (el 11,0 frente al 4,4%; p < 0,001), superior para quienes no se sometieron a coronariografía (14,6%) y aquellos con EC significativa (9,3%). La mortalidad ajustada por riesgo fue superior entre los pacientes a los que no se hizo coronariografía (HR = 1,81; IC95%, 1,23-2,65) o no se revascularizó pese a tener EC significativa (HR = 1,90; IC95%, 1,23-2,95) que con revascularización coronaria. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con SCASEST en TEF constituyen una población heterogénea con perfiles de riesgo y pronóstico diferentes. Se debe considerar estas diferencias al diseñar futuros estudios en esta población (AU)

Introduction and objectives: A large proportion of patients with non—ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) are initially selected for medical management (MM) and do not undergo coronary revascularization during or immediately after the index event. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical pathways leading to MM in NSTEACS patients and their influence on prognosis. Methods: Patient characteristics, pathways leading to MM, and 2-year outcomes were recorded in a prospective cohort of 5591 NSTEACS patients enrolled in 555 hospitals in 20 countries across Europe and Latin America. Cox models were used to assess the impact of hospital management on postdischarge mortality. Results: Medical management was the selected strategy in 2306 (41.2%) patients, of whom 669 (29%) had significant coronary artery disease (CAD), 451 (19.6%) had nonsignificant disease, and 1186 (51.4%) did not undergo coronary angiography. Medically managed patients were older and had higher risk features than revascularized patients. Two-year mortality was higher in medically managed patients than in revascularized patients (11.0% vs 4.4%; P < .001), with higher mortality rates in patients who did not undergo angiography (14.6%) and in those with significant CAD (9.3%). Risk-adjusted mortality was highest for patients who did not undergo angiography (HR = 1.81; 95%CI, 1.23-2.65), or were not revascularized in the presence of significant CAD (HR = 1.90; 95%CI, 1.23-2.95) compared with revascularized patients. Conclusions: Medically managed NSTEACS patients represent a heterogeneous population with distinct risk profiles and outcomes. These differences should be considered when designing future studies in this population (AU)

Late Consequences of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)Follow-up

PURPOSE: Short-term outcomes have been well characterized in acute coronary syndromes; however,longer-term follow-up for the entire spectrum of these patients, including ST-segment-elevation myocardialinfarction, non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, and unstable angina, is more limited. Therefore,we describe the longer-term outcomes, procedures, and medication use in Global Registry of AcuteCoronary Events (GRACE) hospital survivors undergoing 6-month and 2-year follow-up, and the performanceof the discharge GRACE risk score in predicting 2-year mortality.METHODS: Between 1999 and 2007, 70,395 patients with a suspected acute coronary syndrome wereenrolled. In 2004, 2-year prospective follow-up was undertaken in those with a discharge acute coronarysyndrome diagnosis in 57 sites.RESULTS: From 2004 to 2007, 19,122 (87.2%) patients underwent follow-up; by 2 years postdischarge,14.3% underwent angiography, 8.7% percutaneous coronary intervention, 2.0% coronary bypass surgery,and 24.2% were re-hospitalized. In patients with 2-year follow-up, acetylsalicylic acid (88.7%), betablocker(80.4%), renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (69.8%), and statin (80.2%) therapy was used. Heartfailure occurred in 6.3%, (re)infarction in 4.4%, and death in 7.1%. Discharge-to-6-month GRACE riskscore was highly predictive of all-cause mortality at 2 years (c-statistic 0.80).CONCLUSION: In this large multinational cohort of acute coronary syndrome patients, there were importantlater adverse consequences, including frequent morbidity and mortality. These findings were seen in thecontext of additional coronary procedures and despite continued use of evidence-based therapies in a highproportion of patients. The discriminative accuracy of the GRACE risk score in hospital survivors forpredicting longer-term mortality was maintained.